Must Have: Python‐based ML development (production ML pipelines & models)ML frameworks: Scikit‐learn, XGBoost/Light GBM/Cat Boost, and Py Torch or Tensor FlowFeature engineering & feature pipelines (large‐scale, automated where applicable)Big data processing: Apache Spark / Py Spark, Databricks, Delta LakeMLOps: MLflow (experiment tracking, model registry), model versioning, retraining pipelinesDeployment & Ops: Docker, Kubernetes, REST APIs (Fast API/Flask), CI/CD and cloud ML services (AWS/Azure/GCP)